Receptor Signalling Explained
Receptor signalling is how cells convert an external molecular binding event into an internal response.
Receptors are proteins that detect specific molecules and respond to them.
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most studied receptor family.
Binding triggers a signalling cascade that changes cell behaviour.
What is a receptor?
A receptor is a protein — often embedded in the cell membrane — that recognises a specific signalling molecule. When the right molecule binds, the receptor changes shape and passes the message inward.
G-protein coupled receptors
Many hormone receptors, including those for GLP-1, GIP and glucagon, are G-protein coupled receptors. This family spans the membrane seven times and couples to internal G-proteins that launch the signal.
The signalling cascade
After activation, second messengers amplify the signal inside the cell, ultimately changing how the cell behaves. This cascade is the mechanistic heart of receptor research.
Frequently asked questions
What is a G-protein coupled receptor?+
A membrane receptor family that couples to internal G-proteins to relay an external signal into the cell.
For laboratory research use only. Not for human or animal consumption.
Continue learning
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GLP-1 is an incretin hormone released after eating that engages a receptor system central to appetite and glucose-dependent signalling.
GIP: The Energy Coordinator
GIP is an incretin hormone released after nutrient intake that works alongside GLP-1 to coordinate the body's metabolic response.
Glucagon: The Fasting Signal
Glucagon is a hormone released during fasting that signals the liver and helps maintain blood glucose availability.
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